Deployment Automation

When to use this skill

• New Projects: Set up automated deployment from scratch
• Manual Deployment Improvement: Automate repetitive manual tasks
• Multi-Environment: Separate dev, staging, and production environments
• Scaling: Introduce Kubernetes to handle traffic growth

Instructions

Step 1: Docker Containerization

Package the application as a Docker image.

Dockerfile (Node.js app):

# Multi-stage build for smaller image size
FROM node:18-alpine AS builder

WORKDIR /app

# Copy package files and install dependencies
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production

# Copy source code
COPY . .

# Build application (if needed)
RUN npm run build

# Production stage
FROM node:18-alpine

WORKDIR /app

# Copy only necessary files from builder
COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
COPY --from=builder /app/package.json ./

# Create non-root user for security
RUN addgroup -g 1001 -S nodejs && \
    adduser -S nodejs -u 1001
USER nodejs

# Expose port
EXPOSE 3000

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
  CMD node healthcheck.js

# Start application
CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]

.dockerignore:

node_modules
npm-debug.log
.git
.env
.env.local
dist
build
coverage
.DS_Store

Build and Run:

# Build image
docker build -t myapp:latest .

# Run container
docker run -d -p 3000:3000 --name myapp-container myapp:latest

# Check logs
docker logs myapp-container

# Stop and remove
docker stop myapp-container
docker rm myapp-container

Step 2: GitHub Actions CI/CD

Automatically runs tests and deploys on code push.

.github/workflows/deploy.yml:

name: CI/CD Pipeline

on:
  push:
    branches: [main, develop]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

env:
  NODE_VERSION: '18'
  REGISTRY: ghcr.io
  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository }}

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
          cache: 'npm'

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Run linter
        run: npm run lint

      - name: Run tests
        run: npm test -- --coverage

      - name: Upload coverage
        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
        with:
          files: ./coverage/coverage-final.json

  build:
    needs: test
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3

      - name: Log in to Container Registry
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Extract metadata
        id: meta
        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          tags: |
            type=sha,prefix={{branch}}-
            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
            latest

      - name: Build and push Docker image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
          cache-from: type=gha
          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max

  deploy:
    needs: build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment: production

    steps:
      - name: Deploy to production
        uses: appleboy/ssh-[email protected]
        with:
          host: ${{ secrets.PROD_HOST }}
          username: ${{ secrets.PROD_USER }}
          key: ${{ secrets.PROD_SSH_KEY }}
          script: |
            cd /app
            docker pull ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}:latest
            docker-compose up -d --no-deps --build web
            docker image prune -f

Step 3: Kubernetes Deployment

Implement scalable container orchestration.

k8s/deployment.yaml:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp
  namespace: production
  labels:
    app: myapp
spec:
  replicas: 3
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 1
      m