Supabase Edge Functions

Overview

This skill provides operations for working with Supabase Edge Functions - serverless TypeScript/JavaScript functions that run on Deno Deploy. Use for invoking functions, deploying code, and managing function lifecycles.

Prerequisites

Required environment variables:

export SUPABASE_URL="https://your-project.supabase.co"
export SUPABASE_KEY="your-anon-or-service-role-key"

Required tools:

• Supabase CLI (supabase command)
• Deno (for local development)

Install Supabase CLI:

# macOS
brew install supabase/tap/supabase

# Linux
curl -fsSL https://github.com/supabase/cli/releases/latest/download/supabase_linux_amd64.tar.gz | tar -xz
sudo mv supabase /usr/local/bin/

# Windows (PowerShell)
scoop bucket add supabase https://github.com/supabase/scoop-bucket.git
scoop install supabase

Helper script: This skill uses the shared Supabase API helper for invoking functions:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

Invoke Edge Functions

Basic Invocation

Invoke a function with POST:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

FUNCTION_NAME="hello-world"

supabase_post "/functions/v1/${FUNCTION_NAME}" '{
  "name": "Alice"
}'

Invoke with GET:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

FUNCTION_NAME="get-data"

supabase_get "/functions/v1/${FUNCTION_NAME}?id=123"

Invoke with Headers

Pass custom headers:

FUNCTION_NAME="authenticated-function"
USER_TOKEN="user-access-token"

curl -s -X POST \
    "${SUPABASE_URL}/functions/v1/${FUNCTION_NAME}" \
    -H "apikey: ${SUPABASE_KEY}" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer ${USER_TOKEN}" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{"action": "process"}'

Invoke with Authentication

Invoke function as authenticated user:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

FUNCTION_NAME="user-profile"
ACCESS_TOKEN="user-jwt-token"

curl -s -X POST \
    "${SUPABASE_URL}/functions/v1/${FUNCTION_NAME}" \
    -H "apikey: ${SUPABASE_KEY}" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer ${ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{}'

Function Management (CLI)

Initialize Function

Create a new edge function:

# Navigate to your Supabase project directory
cd /path/to/project

# Create new function
supabase functions new my-function

# This creates: supabase/functions/my-function/index.ts

Function Template

Basic function structure:

// supabase/functions/my-function/index.ts

import { serve } from "https://deno.land/[email protected]/http/server.ts"

serve(async (req) => {
  const { name } = await req.json()

  const data = {
    message: `Hello ${name}!`,
  }

  return new Response(
    JSON.stringify(data),
    { headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } },
  )
})

Function with authentication:

import { serve } from "https://deno.land/[email protected]/http/server.ts"
import { createClient } from 'https://esm.sh/@supabase/supabase-js@2'

serve(async (req) => {
  // Get JWT from Authorization header
  const authHeader = req.headers.get('Authorization')!
  const token = authHeader.replace('Bearer ', '')

  // Create Supabase client with user's token
  const supabase = createClient(
    Deno.env.get('SUPABASE_URL') ?? '',
    Deno.env.get('SUPABASE_ANON_KEY') ?? '',
    { global: { headers: { Authorization: authHeader } } }
  )

  // Get authenticated user
  const { data: { user }, error } = await supabase.auth.getUser(token)

  if (error || !user) {
    return new Response('Unauthorized', { status: 401 })
  }

  return new Response(
    JSON.stringify({ message: `Hello ${user.email}!` }),
    { headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } },
  )
})

Deploy Function

Deploy a function to Supabase:

# Login to Supabase (first time only)
supabase login

# Link to your project (first time only)
supabase link --project-ref your-project-ref

# Deploy specific function
supabase functions deploy my-function

# Deploy with custom environment variables
supabase functions deploy my-function \
  --env-file ./supabase/.env.local

# Deploy all functions
supabase functions deploy

Set Environment Variables

Set secrets for edge functions:

# Set individual secret
supabase secrets set MY_SECRET_KEY=value123

# Set multiple secrets from file
# Create .env file:
# API_KEY=abc123
# DATABASE_URL=postgres://...

supabase secrets set --env-file .env

# List secrets (names only, not values)
supabase secrets list

# Unset secret
supabase secrets unset MY_SECRET_KEY

Local Development

Run functions locally:

# Start local Supabase (includes edge functions)
supabase start

# Serve functions locally
supabase functions serve

# Serve specific function
supabase functions serve my-function --env-file ./supabase/.env.local