Configures pfSense firewall rules, NAT policies, VPN tunnels, and traffic shaping to enforce network segmentation, control traffic flow, and protect internal network zones in enterprise and small-to-medium business environments.
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Before installing skills in Cursor, ensure your development environment meets these requirements:
node --versionconfiguring-pfsense-firewall-rulesExecute the skills CLI command in your project's root directory to begin installation:
Fetches configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules from mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills and configures it for Cursor.
The CLI shows a list of agents. Use arrow keys and space to select Cursor:
Confirm successful installation by checking the skill directory location:
Restart Cursor to activate configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules. Access via /configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules in your agent's command palette.
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| name | configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules |
| description | 'Configures pfSense firewall rules, NAT policies, VPN tunnels, and traffic shaping to enforce network segmentation, control traffic flow, and protect internal network zones in enterprise and small-to-medium business environments. ' |
| domain | cybersecurity |
| subdomain | network-security |
| tags | - network-security - pfsense - firewall - nat - network-segmentation |
| version | '1.0' |
| author | mahipal |
| license | Apache-2.0 |
| nist_csf | - PR.IR-01 - DE.CM-01 - ID.AM-03 - PR.DS-02 |
Do not use as a substitute for host-based firewalls on individual systems, for SSL/TLS deep packet inspection without dedicated hardware acceleration, or as the sole security control without complementary IDS/IPS.
Access the pfSense WebConfigurator and define interfaces:
Navigate: Interfaces > Assignments
WAN Interface (igb0):
- Type: DHCP or Static IP from ISP
- Block private networks: Enabled
- Block bogon networks: Enabled
LAN Interface (igb1):
- IPv4: 10.10.1.1/24
- Description: CORPORATE_LAN
Create VLANs:
Navigate: Interfaces > VLANs > Add
- VLAN 10 on igb1: DMZ (10.10.10.1/24)
- VLAN 20 on igb1: SERVERS (10.10.20.1/24)
- VLAN 30 on igb1: GUEST (10.10.30.1/24)
- VLAN 40 on igb1: IOT (10.10.40.1/24)
Assign VLANs:
Navigate: Interfaces > Assignments > Add each VLAN
Enable each interface and assign the gateway IP
Navigate: Services > DHCP Server
CORPORATE_LAN (10.10.1.0/24):
Range: 10.10.1.100 - 10.10.1.200
DNS: 10.10.20.10 (internal DNS server)
Gateway: 10.10.1.1
DMZ (10.10.10.0/24):
Range: 10.10.10.100 - 10.10.10.200
DNS: 10.10.20.10
Gateway: 10.10.10.1
GUEST (10.10.30.0/24):
Range: 10.10.30.100 - 10.10.30.200
DNS: 1.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8 (public DNS only)
Gateway: 10.10.30.1
Navigate: Services > DNS Resolver
Enable DNS Resolver on all interfaces except GUEST
Enable DNSSEC
Configure forwarding to upstream DNS servers
Navigate: Firewall > Aliases
RFC1918_Networks:
Type: Network
Values: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
WebPorts:
Type: Port
Values: 80, 443
ManagementPorts:
Type: Port
Values: 22, 3389, 5900
CriticalServers:
Type: Host
Values: 10.10.20.10, 10.10.20.11, 10.10.20.12
BlockedCountries:
Type: URL Table
URL: https://www.ipdeny.com/ipblocks/data/aggregated/cn-aggregated.zone
Update: 24 hours
Navigate: Firewall > Rules
=== WAN Rules ===
# Block all inbound by default (implicit deny)
# Allow established/related traffic (automatic in pfSense stateful mode)
# Allow inbound to DMZ web server (via NAT)
Action: Pass | Interface: WAN | Protocol: TCP
Source: any | Destination: WAN Address | Port: 80, 443
Description: Allow HTTP/HTTPS to DMZ web server
=== LAN Rules ===
# Allow LAN to access internal servers
Action: Pass | Interface: LAN | Protocol: TCP
Source: LAN net | Destination: SERVERS net | Port: WebPorts, 3306, 5432
Description: Allow LAN to internal web and database servers
# Allow LAN to internet
Action: Pass | Interface: LAN | Protocol: any
Source: LAN net | Destination: ! RFC1918_Networks
Description: Allow LAN to internet (block inter-VLAN via RFC1918 exclusion)
# Block LAN to IoT (explicit deny before implicit allow)
Action: Block | Interface: LAN | Protocol: any
Source: LAN net | Destination: IOT net
Description: Block direct LAN to IoT communication
=== DMZ Rules ===
# Allow DMZ web servers to query internal DNS
Action: Pass | Interface: DMZ | Protocol: TCP/UDP
Source: DMZ net | Destination: 10.10.20.10 | Port: 53
Description: Allow DMZ DNS queries to internal resolver
# Allow DMZ to internet for updates only
Action: Pass | Interface: DMZ | Protocol: TCP
Source: DMZ net | Destination: any | Port: 80, 443
Description: Allow DMZ outbound HTTP/HTTPS for updates
# Block all other DMZ traffic
Action: Block | Interface: DMZ | Protocol: any
Source: DMZ net | Destination: any
Description: Default deny for DMZ
=== GUEST Rules ===
# Allow guest to internet only (DNS and web)
Action: Pass | Interface: GUEST | Protocol: TCP/UDP
Source: GUEST net | Destination: ! RFC1918_Networks | Port: 53, 80, 443
Description: Allow guest internet access only
# Block all guest to internal
Action: Block | Interface: GUEST | Protocol: any
Source: GUEST net | Destination: RFC1918_Networks
Description: Block guest access to all internal networks
=== IOT Rules ===
# Allow IoT to specific cloud endpoints
Action: Pass | Interface: IOT | Protocol: TCP
Source: IOT net | Destination: ! RFC1918_Networks | Port: 443, 8883
Description: Allow IoT HTTPS and MQTT to cloud
# Block IoT inter-device communication
Action: Block | Interface: IOT | Protocol: any
Source: IOT net | Destination: IOT net
Description: Prevent IoT lateral movement
# Block IoT to all internal networks
Action: Block | Interface: IOT | Protocol: any
Source: IOT net | Destination: RFC1918_Networks
Description: Block IoT access to internal
Navigate: Firewall > NAT > Port Forward
# Web server in DMZ
Interface: WAN | Protocol: TCP
Destination: WAN address | Port: 443
Redirect target IP: 10.10.10.50 | Port: 443
NAT Reflection: Enable
Description: HTTPS to DMZ web server
# SSH jump host (non-standard port)
Interface: WAN | Protocol: TCP
Destination: WAN address | Port: 2222
Redirect target IP: 10.10.20.11 | Port: 22
Description: SSH to internal jump host via port 2222
Navigate: Firewall > NAT > Outbound
Mode: Hybrid Outbound NAT
# Add rule for DMZ servers to use a dedicated public IP
Interface: WAN | Source: 10.10.10.0/24
Translation Address: <dedicated_public_ip>
Description: DMZ outbound NAT via dedicated IP
Navigate: Status > System Logs > Settings
Remote Logging: Enable
Remote log servers: 10.10.20.15:514 (Syslog/SIEM)
Log firewall default blocks: Enabled
Navigate: Firewall > Rules
Enable logging on critical rules:
- All BLOCK rules
- WAN inbound PASS rules
- Inter-VLAN PASS rules
Navigate: Diagnostics > pfTop
Monitor real-time connection states and bandwidth usage
Install pfBlockerNG package:
Navigate: System > Package Manager > Available Packages
Install pfBlockerNG-devel
Configure IP blocklists (Spamhaus DROP, Emerging Threats)
Configure DNSBL for malware domain blocking
# Export configuration backup
Navigate: Diagnostics > Backup & Restore
Download XML configuration file
# Test rules from each zone
# From LAN:
curl -I https://10.10.20.10 # Should succeed (LAN to SERVERS)
curl -I https://10.10.40.5 # Should fail (LAN to IOT blocked)
# From GUEST:
curl -I https://www.google.com # Should succeed (internet)
curl -I https://10.10.20.10 # Should fail (guest to internal blocked)
# From DMZ:
nslookup google.com 10.10.20.10 # Should succeed (DNS allowed)
ssh 10.10.1.50 # Should fail (DMZ to LAN blocked)
# Verify logging
Navigate: Status > System Logs > Firewall
Check that blocked and passed traffic is logging correctly
# Schedule automated config backups
Navigate: Diagnostics > AutoConfigBackup
Enable automatic backups to Netgate cloud or local storage
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Stateful Firewall | Firewall that tracks the state of network connections and automatically allows return traffic for established sessions without explicit rules |
| Alias | Named group of IP addresses, networks, or ports in pfSense that simplifies rule management and improves readability |
| NAT (Network Address Translation) | Translation of IP addresses between internal and external networks, including port forwarding for inbound access to internal services |
| Floating Rules | pfSense rules that apply across multiple interfaces simultaneously, processed before per-interface rules |
| pfBlockerNG | pfSense package that integrates IP reputation blocklists and DNS-based blocklists for automated threat blocking |
| Rule Processing Order | pfSense evaluates rules top-to-bottom within each interface tab; first match wins, and unmatched traffic is blocked by default |
Context: A medical practice needs to segment its network to meet HIPAA requirements. They have a single internet connection, an electronic health records (EHR) server, staff workstations, a guest WiFi network, and medical IoT devices (vitals monitors, imaging equipment). Budget constraints require an open-source solution.
Approach:
Pitfalls:
## pfSense Firewall Configuration Report
**Device**: pfSense 2.7.2 on Netgate 4100
**Interfaces**: WAN (igb0), LAN (igb1), DMZ (igb2), MGMT (igb3)
**VLANs**: 4 configured (Staff, Servers, Guest, IoT)
**Total Rules**: 28 active rules across all interfaces
### Rule Summary by Interface
| Interface | Pass Rules | Block Rules | Logging Enabled |
|-----------|-----------|-------------|-----------------|
| WAN | 2 | 1 (default) | Yes |
| LAN | 4 | 2 | Yes (blocks) |
| DMZ | 3 | 1 (default) | Yes |
| GUEST | 1 | 2 | Yes |
| IOT | 1 | 3 | Yes |
### Security Controls
- pfBlockerNG: 12 IP blocklists + DNSBL enabled
- Snort IDS: Running on WAN and LAN interfaces
- VPN: OpenVPN remote access configured with MFA
- Logging: All traffic forwarded to SIEM (10.10.20.15)
Prerequisites
Time Estimate
15-45 minutes depending on use case complexity
Steps
Common Pitfalls
✓ Do
✗ Don't
💡 Pro Tips
✓ Use when
Use when skill capabilities match your task, clear ROI on time saved, and you can validate outputs. Best for repetitive tasks, learning, and quality improvement.
✗ Avoid when
Avoid when task requires deep expertise you can't validate, involves sensitive decisions, or when learning process is more valuable than speed of completion.
mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules fits our agent workflows well — practical, well scoped, and easy to wire into existing repos.
configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules reduced setup friction for our internal harness; good balance of opinion and flexibility.
Useful defaults in configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules — fewer surprises than typical one-off scripts, and it plays nicely with `npx skills` flows.
We added configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules from the explainx registry; install was straightforward and the SKILL.md answered most questions upfront.
configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules is among the better-maintained entries we tried; worth keeping pinned for repeat workflows.
configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules is among the better-maintained entries we tried; worth keeping pinned for repeat workflows.
Registry listing for configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules matched our evaluation — installs cleanly and behaves as described in the markdown.
We added configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules from the explainx registry; install was straightforward and the SKILL.md answered most questions upfront.
Useful defaults in configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules — fewer surprises than typical one-off scripts, and it plays nicely with `npx skills` flows.
configuring-pfsense-firewall-rules fits our agent workflows well — practical, well scoped, and easy to wire into existing repos.
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